Since Jupiter is basically a sphere, it has gradient illumination from center to edge. The more normal the angle of incidence of light, the brighter. The less normal, the dimmer. This means the light gets gradually dimmer towards the edges, forming a gradient.
You know what absolutely sucks at rendering gradients? Low bit depth from compressed video/images. Compression basically reduces the bit depth so low that instead of presenting a visually continuous gradient, the gradient is broken up into just a handful of brightness values, creating the step/ringing pattern you see.
The solution is to record with a device that doesn't clobber the bit depth through compression, or find a way to get an app that lets you record without compression somehow.
Normally planetary images are captured at raw 8 bits and are auto-dithered from read and capture noise. When they are stacked through AutoStakkert, it increases the bit depth to 16 bits, mostly eliminating onion ringing (though excessive sharpening can still bring it out, especially if it's converted back down to 8 bits before further processing).
This is called onion ringing.
The cause is the smart phone's compression.
Since Jupiter is basically a sphere, it has gradient illumination from center to edge. The more normal the angle of incidence of light, the brighter. The less normal, the dimmer. This means the light gets gradually dimmer towards the edges, forming a gradient.
You know what absolutely sucks at rendering gradients? Low bit depth from compressed video/images. Compression basically reduces the bit depth so low that instead of presenting a visually continuous gradient, the gradient is broken up into just a handful of brightness values, creating the step/ringing pattern you see.
Here's an image showing this effect: https://workflow.frame.io/static/5ef6eae9f19b0453a42346d44f9383a2/a4ce6/04530cf6c05329b707eeb5028971fea1.png
The solution is to record with a device that doesn't clobber the bit depth through compression, or find a way to get an app that lets you record without compression somehow.
Normally planetary images are captured at raw 8 bits and are auto-dithered from read and capture noise. When they are stacked through AutoStakkert, it increases the bit depth to 16 bits, mostly eliminating onion ringing (though excessive sharpening can still bring it out, especially if it's converted back down to 8 bits before further processing).