Да в английском тоже много чего такого есть. Просто заметил, что россиянин, изучающий английский это совершенно обычно, и так не афишируется (и в целом понятно, почему), а вот англичанин (или любой другой англоговорящий человек), изучающий русский, это что-то редкое и зачастую очень забавное) Собственно, по этой причине и приколы в русском языке замечаются гораздо чаще
Просто когда ты обращаешься к чьей либо вещи - это его свое , а когда к своей вещи - это твое свое , а если этот кто то мужчина или женщина - тогда это ее или его свое . Все просто
Also, I'm not sure but I think that using свой when possible is required.
"Ты не ешь свое яблоко?" ✅
"Ты не ешь твое яблоко?" ❌
(I'm far from being fluent or anything, tho)
Edit : Actually those sentences are propanly far from being naturals, and even agrammatical. Only the свой/твой opposition matters here, please don't mind the rest lmao
Свой is used to modify an object if it belongs/ is related to the same person/ thing that was mentioned or implied just before, while the rest are used if it belongs to someone else:
Я хочу найти свою рубашку. Ты не видел мою рубашку? (Ты versus мою́ < мой < я).
I'm not gonna lie, моё feels more natural for me here. I would want to emphasise that it's mine, not just owned by someone that in context probably refers to me but could also mean it's owned by you
It sounds like "I won't give you oneself's golden ring" to me with an implication that "oneself" is me in this case
For example "Я не отдам тебе своё золото"/"I will not give you my gold" - the subject is "Я"/"I", so "своё" can be translated to "my".
If the subject is, for example, "he", the sentence can either be "Он не отдаст тебе своё золото" or "он не отдаст тебе его золото" - "своё" in this case is being used instead of "его" or his.
This works close to how english -self suffixed pronouns work, but specifically for possessives. The primary role is to distinguish if the pronoun refers to the subject of the sentence or to something/somebody else.
"He hurt him" there is ambiguity here: is it the same he or one person hurt another, you'd probably assume the latter -> "he hurt himself" no ambiguity: action is directed to the subject.
I Russian you have the same thing
"Он поранил его" - "He hurt him", "Он поранил себя"
To do the same for possessive pronouns in English you use "own" after a pronoun.
"He lost his watch" ambiguity, no default assumption, context is needed -> "He lost his own watch", "own" here works the same way as -self in the previous example, resolves ambiguity and specifies that the pronoun refers to the subject.
"Свой" in Russian is a form of possessive pronouns that has this "own" built-in
"Он потерял его часы" - probably lost someone else's watch, but maybe his own
"Он потерял свои часы" - definitely lost his own watch.
There is weirdness with "свой" and "я" as there is no ambiguity to resolve here, it can be used basically interchangeably with "мой", same thing as with "my" and "my own"
Just like OP I struggle with this concept while learning russian but I think your exemple made me realize there is something I really don't understand.
Can you explain how there is ambiguity in the english phrase "he lost his watch"? To me it is crystal clear what it means and I don't see how it can mean any other thing than what is said there. I don't see how it could be any other person's watch, it is obviously the watch of the subject. It feels to me like russian tries to tackle a problem that simply doesn't exist.
It's but a "problem", it's just that Russian has an option here to avoid names and still preserve clarity. Russian generally uses pronouns much more than English, especially for inanimate nouns. Because, e.g., where English would have a bunch of its, Russian would have он, она, оно, in different case forms.
I think I understand but I have a hard time finding a situation where there would be no context. Like if two people are starting a conversation and there was never a third person mentioned in the first place, everyone would assume that the default is that the lost watch belongs to the one who lost it. If the watch was a gift from someone else, I can see how that can create confusion but at the same time I think it would be weird to mention it without mentioning the gifting first. If someone would tell that to me, I would probably understand but I would probably ask questions to make sure I understood whose watch it was.
Should I use свои if I want to say "I lost my watch"? Or can I use "мои часы" ?
I mean, yeah, the language could have gotten away with not having this feature, but it does help sometimes. I guess the helpfulness was enough for it to develop and stick. English has it too. It is just a way to make it clearer who/what exactly a pronoun refers to.
In most cases it's wouldn't be a big mistake to use regular possessive pronouns, but can sound weird or confusing. In many cases it doesn't matter.
With "I" it doesn't matter, which one to use, I would usually use "свой", but "мой" wouldn't sound weird to me.
"Я потерял мои часы" is no different from "Я потерял свои часы."
There is some nuance with "Свой" in certain cases, where you only supposed to use it specifically. For example in general statements like "Своя рубашка ближе к телу" you can only use "свой" as it makes it general and does not refer to any specific individual in this case.
Another a thing that there can be a bit different connotation between "свой" & "мой".
"Я люблю мой город" vs "Я люблю свой город", the latter sounds better, as "мой" indicates stronger possession, while "свой" indicates something like "I belong to". Still interchangeable, but there is nuance. "свой" has also that "belong to the same group as me":
"Я разглядел их форму и понял, что это свои" - you'd never say "мои" in this case, you could use "наши" if the implied reader or listener belongs to the same general group, in here though I don't think it's technically a pronoun anymore, it's like a noun made out of a pronoun.
So ok-ok, it's not simple when you dig into details, but in general if you need a possessive pronoun that indicates possession by the subject of the sentence use "свой"
closest in meaning - my own, your own, her (his) own etc.
the pronoun своё is reflexive-possessive
In sentences with the pronoun своё, the subject of action and the subject of possession coincide.
The pronoun своё is used when it defines an object belonging to an actor.
if моё, наше - points to the first person, твоё - to the second person, его, её. их - to the third person, then (своё) has no such binding and can be applied in any person, in any gender, at any time and in relation to both animate and inanimate objects.
In your case, it's probably about a female who gave someone her own gold.
I had this question before. If i didn't understand it wrongly, it's a possessive pronoun/adjective, but it refers to the subject of the sentence (The subject possesses it).
If a distinction is needed, but isn't possible, you might be simply looking at a badly written text. In an ideal Wikipedia, such thing would be flagged for ambiguity, so that someone else could rephrase: " своё[чьё?] ", because Wikipedia supposedly prides itself on the encyclopedic style of prose.
When my students study English possessive adjectives I always tell them that they all can be translated with a magical Russian word "свой" , which doesn't exist in English.
В русском языке притяжательные местоимения используются гораздо реже, чем в английском. Как правило, в тех случаях, когда есть значительные разночтения, и по контексту не понять, что тут чьё. Он вышел из своего дома, надел свои перчатки и сел в свою машину — это жуткий англицизм, так по-русски не пишут. Он вышел из дома, надел перчатки и сел в машину. Вот так правильно. Он и она сели в свои машины, а их друзья — в чужие. Вот тут имеет смысл.
Но в целом чьё именно своё — определяет контекст. У неё есть своё мнение на этот счёт — her. У меня тут свои соображения — my. У них свои страхи — their.
It's similar to "your own" thing in English. The component "own" is the same as "своё" , except English speakers also add an appropriate determiner for this
See it as "own", "one's", "one's own" or "self's", it's not just used for reflecting the subject (e.g. "У него есть своя машина", "со своей машиной проще путешествовать" etc). I believe it's something called a reflexive pronoun which tend to begin with c- (сам, себя)
You know how you add -self when referring to the same person as the one performing an action? Like "I hit myself with a stone" or "She talks to herself". Russian does this with "себя" for all persons and numbers, and it also uses it for possessive contexts, in the form of "свой". It's kind of like if English used "myself's" and "herself's" in proper contexts
Well, look.. it means that I have something that belongs to me. "I have a ring, so it's mine" but there's also a second translation "it belongs to my family and brings us any feelings"
I don't know how to explain it more precisely.. and more clearly accordingly. I advise you to make a Russian friend and practice Russian with him. You won't lose motivation and you'll be corrected right away!
(I wrote with the help of a translator, if there are mistakes, sorry. Well, it's clear that I'm Russian)
ХАХАХАХАХАХАХХАХАХАХХАХААХАХАХХАХАХАХХАХАХХА!!! ТЕБЯ НИКТО НЕ ВЫНУЖДАЛ УЧИТЬ ЭТОТ ЯЗЫК! А теперь...... СИДИ И УГАДЫВАЙ ВСЁ!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! ААААААААААААААААААААААААААААААААААААААААААААААААААААААААААААААААААААААААААААААААААААА!!!!!!!!!!!!!! МЫ ТАК ВСЮ ЖИЗНЬ УГАДЫВАЕМ, И НИЧЕГО, ТОЛЬКО БЕЗУМНЫЕ НЕМНОГО!!!!!
I think it's generally the subject of the sentence:
Великий и Могучий Русский язык) Собственно, на таких приколах и строятся страдания иностранцев
Ну в английском языке есть "one" как местоимение. Похожая штука
Да в английском тоже много чего такого есть. Просто заметил, что россиянин, изучающий английский это совершенно обычно, и так не афишируется (и в целом понятно, почему), а вот англичанин (или любой другой англоговорящий человек), изучающий русский, это что-то редкое и зачастую очень забавное) Собственно, по этой причине и приколы в русском языке замечаются гораздо чаще
Это пустяки по сравнению со славянскими приколами. Не знаю, что так у азиатов
Ну, кстати, в супер простом языке Эсперанто есть слово sia, которое означает ровно то же самое
Это наша месть им за артикли.
О даааа! Сраные артикли, что в английском, что в немецком (все, что учил), бесит
фразовые глаголы вообще жесть
Просто когда ты обращаешься к чьей либо вещи - это его свое , а когда к своей вещи - это твое свое , а если этот кто то мужчина или женщина - тогда это ее или его свое . Все просто
It reflects to the subject.
"Я люблю свою жену" ==> свою = мою
"Он продал свою машину" ==> свою = его
Also, I'm not sure but I think that using свой when possible is required.
"Ты не ешь свое яблоко?" ✅
"Ты не ешь твое яблоко?" ❌
(I'm far from being fluent or anything, tho)
Edit : Actually those sentences are propanly far from being naturals, and even agrammatical. Only the свой/твой opposition matters here, please don't mind the rest lmao
You're correct. Whenever possible, it's better to avoid repetition, otherwise it sounds unnatural.
Свой is used to modify an object if it belongs/ is related to the same person/ thing that was mentioned or implied just before, while the rest are used if it belongs to someone else:
Я хочу найти свою рубашку. Ты не видел мою рубашку? (Ты versus мою́ < мой < я).
«Яблоко будешь?»
Thanks, this is a really clear explanation for me
my own, her own, their own. Singular neuter.
Я знаю своë дело, он увидел своë отражение, они собрали всë своë добро.
Все это можно заменить словом собственное, как own и переводится, в общем-то
It's a universal possessive, one's own
What is the whole sentence?
Я не дам тебе своё золотое кольцо
I'm not gonna lie, моё feels more natural for me here. I would want to emphasise that it's mine, not just owned by someone that in context probably refers to me but could also mean it's owned by you
It sounds like "I won't give you oneself's golden ring" to me with an implication that "oneself" is me in this case
In this sentence it also might technically imply “own”, as in: “я не позволю тебе иметь своё собственное золотое кольцо”.
A more literal translation of that meaning would be: “I won't give you your own golden ring”.
So yeah, context is everything.
Whoever performs the action is the owner.
Своё is relative.
Она любит своё платье - she (main person) love her (same main person's) dress.
Still safe to say "она любит её платье". There is no single case in RU language where "свой/своя/своё" would be mandatory.
That just depends on the subject of the sentence.
For example "Я не отдам тебе своё золото"/"I will not give you my gold" - the subject is "Я"/"I", so "своё" can be translated to "my".
If the subject is, for example, "he", the sentence can either be "Он не отдаст тебе своё золото" or "он не отдаст тебе его золото" - "своё" in this case is being used instead of "его" or his.
Он не отдаст тебе его золото = He won't give you 3rd party's gold. It is not the same as Он не отдаст тебе своё золото (X won't give you X's gold)
native here, it depends on the intonations and context, but we definitely use it both ways
I personally heard it used both ways, it just depends on context provided
This works close to how english -self suffixed pronouns work, but specifically for possessives. The primary role is to distinguish if the pronoun refers to the subject of the sentence or to something/somebody else.
"He hurt him" there is ambiguity here: is it the same he or one person hurt another, you'd probably assume the latter -> "he hurt himself" no ambiguity: action is directed to the subject.
I Russian you have the same thing
"Он поранил его" - "He hurt him", "Он поранил себя"
To do the same for possessive pronouns in English you use "own" after a pronoun.
"He lost his watch" ambiguity, no default assumption, context is needed -> "He lost his own watch", "own" here works the same way as -self in the previous example, resolves ambiguity and specifies that the pronoun refers to the subject.
"Свой" in Russian is a form of possessive pronouns that has this "own" built-in
"Он потерял его часы" - probably lost someone else's watch, but maybe his own
"Он потерял свои часы" - definitely lost his own watch.
There is weirdness with "свой" and "я" as there is no ambiguity to resolve here, it can be used basically interchangeably with "мой", same thing as with "my" and "my own"
Just like OP I struggle with this concept while learning russian but I think your exemple made me realize there is something I really don't understand.
Can you explain how there is ambiguity in the english phrase "he lost his watch"? To me it is crystal clear what it means and I don't see how it can mean any other thing than what is said there. I don't see how it could be any other person's watch, it is obviously the watch of the subject. It feels to me like russian tries to tackle a problem that simply doesn't exist.
He lost his watch.
Он потерял свои часы.
He (Y) lost X's watch.
Он потерял его часы. / Он потерял часвы Икса.
It's but a "problem", it's just that Russian has an option here to avoid names and still preserve clarity. Russian generally uses pronouns much more than English, especially for inanimate nouns. Because, e.g., where English would have a bunch of its, Russian would have он, она, оно, in different case forms.
John lost John's watch and John lost Gary's watch both turn into "he lost his watch" if replaced with pronouns.
And only from the context you can understand the full picture.
Why is John upset? He lost his watch
Why is Gary angry with John? He lost his watch.
Adding own makes at least one of them unambiguous .
In Russian ambiguous option would sound very weird you should always use "свой"
Почему Иван расстроен? Он потерял свои часы
Почему Жора злится на Ивана? Он потерял его часы.
I think I understand but I have a hard time finding a situation where there would be no context. Like if two people are starting a conversation and there was never a third person mentioned in the first place, everyone would assume that the default is that the lost watch belongs to the one who lost it. If the watch was a gift from someone else, I can see how that can create confusion but at the same time I think it would be weird to mention it without mentioning the gifting first. If someone would tell that to me, I would probably understand but I would probably ask questions to make sure I understood whose watch it was.
Should I use свои if I want to say "I lost my watch"? Or can I use "мои часы" ?
I mean, yeah, the language could have gotten away with not having this feature, but it does help sometimes. I guess the helpfulness was enough for it to develop and stick. English has it too. It is just a way to make it clearer who/what exactly a pronoun refers to.
In most cases it's wouldn't be a big mistake to use regular possessive pronouns, but can sound weird or confusing. In many cases it doesn't matter.
With "I" it doesn't matter, which one to use, I would usually use "свой", but "мой" wouldn't sound weird to me.
"Я потерял мои часы" is no different from "Я потерял свои часы."
There is some nuance with "Свой" in certain cases, where you only supposed to use it specifically. For example in general statements like "Своя рубашка ближе к телу" you can only use "свой" as it makes it general and does not refer to any specific individual in this case.
Another a thing that there can be a bit different connotation between "свой" & "мой".
"Я люблю мой город" vs "Я люблю свой город", the latter sounds better, as "мой" indicates stronger possession, while "свой" indicates something like "I belong to". Still interchangeable, but there is nuance. "свой" has also that "belong to the same group as me":
"Я разглядел их форму и понял, что это свои" - you'd never say "мои" in this case, you could use "наши" if the implied reader or listener belongs to the same general group, in here though I don't think it's technically a pronoun anymore, it's like a noun made out of a pronoun.
So ok-ok, it's not simple when you dig into details, but in general if you need a possessive pronoun that indicates possession by the subject of the sentence use "свой"
It means 'belongs to whoever we're talking about'
More convenient than 'look someone left his or her shoes!'
It's 'look someone left svoye shoes!'
свой (своё, своя, свои) = one's own (=my, your, his, etc, depending who you're talking about)
it's antonimous with чужой (чужая, чужое, чужие) = someone else's, not one's own
Чужого нам не надо, но своё не отдадим. We don't need what's not ours, but will not give what is ours.
You don't.
Своё = my
Своё родное, ээ, ну, типа, моё, только во множественном числе
"one's own"
My я отдаю ему своё яблоко- I give he my apple
My
all of these but out of context
closest in meaning - my own, your own, her (his) own etc.
the pronoun своё is reflexive-possessive
In sentences with the pronoun своё, the subject of action and the subject of possession coincide.
The pronoun своё is used when it defines an object belonging to an actor.
if моё, наше - points to the first person, твоё - to the second person, его, её. их - to the third person, then (своё) has no such binding and can be applied in any person, in any gender, at any time and in relation to both animate and inanimate objects.
In your case, it's probably about a female who gave someone her own gold.
Like, look, it's a subject that tells that it's someone's property.
Я дал тебе своё резюме. - i gave you MINE resume.
Ты дал мне своё резюме. - you gave me YOUR resume Они дали нам их резюме. - they gave us THEIR resume
It's heavy relying on context, so the person doing the act is the subject.
Чувак, ты в последнем написал "их" а не "своё"
Same as Spanish su
Subjectself
oneself's
I had this question before. If i didn't understand it wrongly, it's a possessive pronoun/adjective, but it refers to the subject of the sentence (The subject possesses it).
Just pick a possessive pronoun whose person matches the person of the subject.
"Mine" Помимо как шахта можно перевести как Моë/своë
Reference to the self, which depends on the acting person in the sentence.
From the context
It points back to the subject.
So if you say, "Он любит свой компьютер," you're saying he loves HIS computer, because the subject that was mentioned already is HE.
are you talking about when there is a gender to every single living thing here in Russia?
No this is clear to me, even more as my native language is French.
Im learning English now. And I know Russian very well Do you want to practice together?
Literally what I've been thinking about. I don't even know how to explain it
If a distinction is needed, but isn't possible, you might be simply looking at a badly written text. In an ideal Wikipedia, such thing would be flagged for ambiguity, so that someone else could rephrase: " своё[чьё?] ", because Wikipedia supposedly prides itself on the encyclopedic style of prose.
When my students study English possessive adjectives I always tell them that they all can be translated with a magical Russian word "свой" , which doesn't exist in English.
My
Self. Himself, herself, myself.
В русском языке притяжательные местоимения используются гораздо реже, чем в английском. Как правило, в тех случаях, когда есть значительные разночтения, и по контексту не понять, что тут чьё. Он вышел из своего дома, надел свои перчатки и сел в свою машину — это жуткий англицизм, так по-русски не пишут. Он вышел из дома, надел перчатки и сел в машину. Вот так правильно. Он и она сели в свои машины, а их друзья — в чужие. Вот тут имеет смысл.
Но в целом чьё именно своё — определяет контекст. У неё есть своё мнение на этот счёт — her. У меня тут свои соображения — my. У них свои страхи — their.
своё-my (у нас своё сало/сам ешь своё сало....)
It's similar to "your own" thing in English. The component "own" is the same as "своё" , except English speakers also add an appropriate determiner for this
У меня есть своя комната — I have my own room
У тебя есть своя комната — you have your own room
У них есть свой дом — they have their own home
У неё есть своё окно — she has her own window
Smth like this i think
It depends on the sentence context. “Свой” — one’s own.
See it as "own", "one's", "one's own" or "self's", it's not just used for reflecting the subject (e.g. "У него есть своя машина", "со своей машиной проще путешествовать" etc). I believe it's something called a reflexive pronoun which tend to begin with c- (сам, себя)
You know how you add -self when referring to the same person as the one performing an action? Like "I hit myself with a stone" or "She talks to herself". Russian does this with "себя" for all persons and numbers, and it also uses it for possessive contexts, in the form of "свой". It's kind of like if English used "myself's" and "herself's" in proper contexts
My - мое Your-твоё Her - её
«свой/своя/свое…» means “one’s own” and depends on the object (and its case) of the sentence rather than the subject.
• Она любит свою собаку. - she loves her dog (собака (obj, fem.) - своя —> свою)
• Он любит свою собаку. - he loves his dog. (as you can see, the subject change didn’t affect anything in russian )
but if the object was masculine or neuter it would be different:
• Она любит своего кота - she loves her cat (кот - obj, masc.)
"Свой" doesn't have it's specific gender, it depends on the subject (or object, if the sentence is big) that owns the object
Русский язык прекрасен…для его носителей
it means your own. Here are two examples: 1) он отдыхает с мной. 2) Я отдыхаю по себе
бля а зачем вы русский учите?
Designation of what belongs to the speaker, but it can also be used in connection with the mention of a person.
Karak gave своё gun to Shakran
I give you sweets, and you give me свой phone number
Ну и глупые иностранцы
Великий могучий русский язык!
Всегда выбираю хер
Своё - something that belongs to someone, someone's something.
I have a Russian riddle for you. Translate this: "Покрывало покрывало покрывало".
My
Своё=моё than своё=my
-Ся? Заменгоф жил в Польше, где это, видимо, есть ( с носовым гласным звуком).
Well, look.. it means that I have something that belongs to me. "I have a ring, so it's mine" but there's also a second translation "it belongs to my family and brings us any feelings"
I don't know how to explain it more precisely.. and more clearly accordingly. I advise you to make a Russian friend and practice Russian with him. You won't lose motivation and you'll be corrected right away!
(I wrote with the help of a translator, if there are mistakes, sorry. Well, it's clear that I'm Russian)
"своё" is the same that "моё/твоё/его/её/их" but only in the case when the owner and the subject that doing something are the same person
Читая комментарий,я хочу сказать,спасибо,что я носитель русского языка,это же ужас,я уже сама запуталась,пока читала комментарий,бедные иностранцы
Bro go use something else, duolingo is not that good for learning things like grammar
"Своё" targets the noun of the sentence
Своё/свой/своя means litteraly one's own.
Your-твоё, my-моё/мои, her-её, (I am russian,)
"своё" - stands for all possessive adjectives your, my, his, her etc
Да и хер с ним...
ХАХАХАХАХАХАХХАХАХАХХАХААХАХАХХАХАХАХХАХАХХА!!! ТЕБЯ НИКТО НЕ ВЫНУЖДАЛ УЧИТЬ ЭТОТ ЯЗЫК! А теперь...... СИДИ И УГАДЫВАЙ ВСЁ!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! ААААААААААААААААААААААААААААААААААААААААААААААААААААААААААААААААААААААААААААААААААААА!!!!!!!!!!!!!! МЫ ТАК ВСЮ ЖИЗНЬ УГАДЫВАЕМ, И НИЧЕГО, ТОЛЬКО БЕЗУМНЫЕ НЕМНОГО!!!!!
Мой хер твой
Своё refers to whoever is speaking, it means that smth belongs to somebody
my
Ахахахаха ХЕР!
мой хер твой?
чел ты серьезно? это любой дошкольник знает american ahh moment✌🥀🥀🥀
респек
My - своё Her - твоё Your - твоё
не попал
My - мое тогда
Как вариант